LTE advanced

Applying adaptive interference management to heterogeneous networks with interference cancellation based advanced receivers in the devices providing much higher performance leap.

- Brings more out of small cells.
- Faster data rates for all users. 
- Dynamically adapts to network load.
- More carriers means more speed.
- Qualcomm is an LTE Advanced leader. 

1st LTE windows phones

The first LTE Windows Phones will officially be available in April 8. There are Nokia Lumia 900 and HTC Titan II. Booth handsets were announced earlier this year at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in January.

Figure 1: Nokia Lumia 900

The Nokia Lumia 900 is in many ways a larger version of the Nokia Lumia 800, and has those specification as below,

- 4.3” Clear Black AMOLED display. 

- 8-megapixel camera with a large aperture for taking photos in low-light conditions.

- Wide angle focal length (28mm) for taking wide-angle shots.

Figure 2: HTC Titan II

The HTC Titan II is HTC’s followup to the original HTC Titan, and has those specification as below,

- 4.7” Super LCD screen. 

- 16-megapixel camera.

- Highest resolution available on any of AT&T’s smartphone cameras AT&T to date.

Emergency calls routing in LTE

The picture below is shown the flow used making Emergency Calls in LTE.

1. The emergency called from user is prioritized.
2. Registration of IMS emergency.
3. detect of emergency.
4. The UE location is inquired.
5. User plane is established for voice.
6. Gets information on the precise user location.

LTE vs WiMAX

LTE and WiMAX continues to rage at least three years after it ignited. Late in 2007, Verizon and AT&T said they would adopt LTE, viewed as a competing technology to mobile WiMAX, as the underpinning of their 4G networks. Both carriers said LTE provides a more natural upgrade for their GSM/UMTS/HSPA/CDMA-based networks and subscribers.

Though many, except for Sprint and Clearwire, think it might already be over, with LTE the winner. Sprint and Clearwire turned up service in Baltimore in late 2008. As of May 2010, Clearwire has commercial WiMAX services available in 27 U.S. markets, covering more than 34 million points of presence. Clearwire is offering the service on a wholesale basis to Sprint, Comcast and Time Warner Cable. By the end of 2010, Clearwire will have built out a WiMAX network that spans all major U.S. markets and covers 120 million points of presences. 

Both wireless technologies are intended to offer ubiquitous broadband at multiple megabits per second. Mobile WiMAX is an IEEE specification also known as 802.16e and designed to support as high as 12Mbps data-transmission speeds. It uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, which transmits data by splitting radio signals that are broadcast simultaneously over different frequencies. These signals are immune to interference and can support high data rates.

LTE was developed in the 3G Partnership Project as the natural progression of High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA), the GSM technology that is currently used by carriers such as AT&T to deliver 3G mobile broadband. LTE is a modulation technique that is designed to deliver 100Mbps per channel and give individual users performance comparable to today's wired broadband. 

LTE technology in Malaysia (news)

In year 2010
According to the news in year 2010, the Malaysian government is expected to release 9 blocks of spectrum for 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) to 9 players soon.

There will be,

• 4 Mobile telcos - Celcom, DiGi, Maxis & U-mobile 
• 4 WiMAX operators - AMAX, P1, REDtone & YTL
• A new comer

The 9 companies have been informed via fax that they have been allocated the 2.6GHz spectrum for 4G LTE use. This will only take effect on 1st January 2013 which is a long way to go, and time is something that the players need to roll out commercially. Each of them will be getting 20MHz block of the spectrum.

2 years (2010 - 2012) should give the players sufficient head start to evaluate vendors, conduct trials and plan out their coverage expansion. By 2013, we should have more 4G LTE devices in the market.

In year 2011

According to the news in year 2011, Malaysia is ready to move its mobile broadband to the next generation platform by adopting the third-generation (3G) long-term evolution (LTE) technology anytime in the near future.

Leslie Shannon (Senior Market Consultant Nokia Siemens Network) said Malaysian telecommunication carriers have experienced a high mobile broadband usage demand among their customer base, thus, adopting the LTE should not be a problem.

She also added that carriers are looking towards the next generation that would have far greater bandwidth and, the LTE offers that promise. Other than that, local telecommunication companies are very smart in fixing the pricing and marketing being right.

She also said that Malaysia, after the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission grants licenses to telco companies to kick start the LTE technology, will join the group of nations which are already feeling its success, such as the United States, Finland and Uzbekistan.

The LTE, as the most efficient mobile broadband technology, provides excellent user experience. This is through an extremely fast broadband experience and is defined for more frequency bands than any other.

It can be used on paired and unpaired spectrum allocations making it a truly global standard.

In year 2012

Since December 2011, DiGi has begun a network upgrade of epic proportions. 
 

The upgrade is expected to continue through 2012 and within this period DiGi targets to upgrade over 400 sites a month on average. Once completed, a total of over 5,000 DiGi sites will have been upgraded. 

DiGi says its “Tomorrow Network” will be Malaysia’s first LTE-equipped network by the end of 2012. At the same time the upgraded network will also expand existing EDGE and 3G coverage to 95.8% of the Malaysian population. In addition, DiGi also promises a more stable and environmentally friendly network once the year round upgrade is completed.

In this respect, Yes did an amazing job with its WiMAX network covering over 60% of the populated areas in West Malaysia from day one. What Yes did is a hard act to follow but it is not impossible and we’re pretty sureDiGi is aware of this. So we’re expecting DiGi’s LTE footprint to be considerable so that it will be practical.

Pros and cons of LTE technology

Pros of LTE

1. LTE decrease the traffic of communication in term of sending data.

2. LTE is focuses on voice over internet protocol (VoIP); therefore it can support more data capacity.

3. LTE increases the mobile broadband users by allowing more users to use the same frequency.

4. LTE facilitates the current applications to perform on better speed.

5. LTE uses the solution called “Orthogonal” to separate frequencies into different channel in order to protect the disturbance of each channel.

6. LTE offers faster data rate transfer as compare to existing 3G network equipments by using radio waves over the same bandwidth.

7. LTE can support voice and SMS text messaging using existing networks via Generic Access (VoLGA).

8. LTE no need rebuilding their entire networks from the ground up to allows wireless broadband providers to transition to this new technology.

Cons of LTE 

1. New equipments will be needed to be installed. Therefore, the start-up costs of service providers and consumers for equipment upgrades are too high.

2. LTE technology need to use additional antennas at network base stations for data transmission as stated that LTE uses a SC-FDMA 1×2 configuration. As a result to the network upgrades users need to buy new cell phones to make use of new network infrastructure.

LTE network topology

In the video above, it briefly explain the function of each system in the LTE network topology. It is formed by,
- Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
- eUTRAN
- Serving GPRS support network (SGSN)
- IRAT GSM network
- UMTS network